{"id":1585,"date":"2023-11-22T11:00:30","date_gmt":"2023-11-22T10:00:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.eovision.at\/esa-schoolatlas\/?page_id=1585"},"modified":"2026-02-20T07:03:52","modified_gmt":"2026-02-20T06:03:52","slug":"glossary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/about-this-atlas\/glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Satellitentechnik f&#xFC;r die Beobachtung der Erde, so genannte Satellitenfernerkundung oder Erdbeobachtung, ist in den letzten Jahrzehnten f&#xFC;r Wissenschaftler eine der wichtigsten Methoden geworden, um eine F&#xFC;lle von Informationen &#xFC;ber den Zustand und &#xC4;nderungen des Planeten Erde zu sammeln. Mittels Erdbeobachtung kann ein sehr vollst&#xE4;ndiges Bild der &#xAB;Gesundheit&#xBB; des Planeten in vielen Bereichen gewonnen werden, etwa f&#xFC;r das Ressourcenmanagement, Umwelt- und Klimamonitoring und Katastrophenmanagement.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: Copernicus\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Copernicus&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Former name GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security), the EU&#x2019;s Copernicus Earth observation programme, comprising in-situ elements (measurement tools) and the space segment (satellites).&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/copernicus\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Copernicus<\/a> ist heute das ambitionierteste aktive Erdbeobachtungsprogramm. Es liefert genaue, zeitnahe und leicht zug&auml;ngliche Informationen zur Verbesserung des Umweltmanagements, zum Verst&auml;ndnis und Bek&auml;mpfen der Auswirkungen des Klimawandels sowie zum Sicherstellen der allgemeinen Sicherheit. Diese Initiative wird von der Europ&auml;ischen Kommission (EC) in Partnerschaft mit der Europ&auml;ischen Weltraumagentur (<a class=\"glossaryLink\"  title=\"Glossary: ESA\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ESA&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The European Space Agency&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/esa\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>ESA<\/a>) geleitet.<\/p>\n<p>Um die breite Anwendung von Satellitendaten und das Bewusstsein der EU-B&#xFC;rger f&#xFC;r den deren gro&#xDF;es Potenzial zu st&#xE4;rken hat die ESA eine F&#xFC;lle von Aktivit&#xE4;ten gestartet, durch die Lehrer und Sch&#xFC;ler &#xFC;ber Erdbeobachtung informiert werden sollen und die einen einfachen Zugang zu Material f&#xFC;r den Gebrauch im Unterricht bereitstellen. Im Zusammenhang mit diesen Aktivit&#xE4;ten wurde 2005 ein erster ESA Schulatlas ver&#xF6;ffentlicht. Mehr als 15 Jahre sp&#xE4;ter wird dieser ESA Schulatlas der n&#xE4;chsten Generation ver&#xF6;ffentlicht, der das Potenzial digitaler Karten und einer Online-Plattform ausn&#xFC;tzt.<\/p><div class=\"cm-glossary\"><div class=\"glossary-container \"><input type=\"hidden\" class=\"cmtt-attribute-field\" name=\"glossary_index_style\" value=\"classic\"><div id=\"glossaryList-nav\" class=\"listNav \" role=\"tablist\"><\/div><ul class=\"glossaryList\" role=\"tablist\" id=\"glossaryList\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTermSet\"><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/absorption\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: absorption\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;absorption&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The process in which radiant energy is retained by a substance&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">absorption<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/active-system\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: active system\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;active system&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;(active sensor) A remote-sensing system that transmits its own radiation to detect an object or area for observation and receives the reflected or transmitted radiation. Example: Radar.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">active system<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/aerosol\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: aerosol\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;aerosol&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;A colloid of solid or liquid particles suspended in a gas (e.g. smoke, fog).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">aerosol<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/albedo\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: albedo\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;albedo&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The ratio of the outgoing solar radiation reflected by an object to the incoming solar radiation incident upon it.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">albedo<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/altimeter\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: altimeter\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;altimeter&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;An active instrument used to measure the altitude of a satellite above a fixed level. Coupled with exact orbit knowledge this enables determination of the topography.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">altimeter<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/amplitude\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: amplitude\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;amplitude&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The magnitude of the displacement of a wave from a mean value. For a simple harmonic wave, it is the maximum displacement from the mean.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">amplitude<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/apogee\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: apogee\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;apogee&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Point of the elliptic orbit of a satellite where its distance from the Earth is maximal.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">apogee<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/aquaculture\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: aquaculture\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;aquaculture&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Cultivation of aquatic organisms, i.e. breeding, raising, and harvesting fish, shellfish, and aquatic plants.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">aquaculture<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/aquatic\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: aquatic\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;aquatic&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;related to water.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">aquatic<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/ariane\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Ariane\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Ariane&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Launch vehicles developed for ESA by a subsidiary of the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS) and launched from the Kourou Space Centre in French Guiana.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Ariane<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/arid\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: arid\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;arid&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Dry. A climate sub-type in which there is a severe excess of evaporation over precipitation.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">arid<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/asar\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: ASAR\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ASAR&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar - a radar sensor on the satellite ENVISAT operating in C-band.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">ASAR<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/ascending-node\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: ascending node\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ascending node&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The point in an orbit (longitude) at which a satellite crosses the equatorial plane in south-north direction.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">ascending node<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/aster\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: ASTER\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ASTER&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer - An imaging instrument on NASA&#x2019;s Terra. ASTER is used to obtain detailed maps of land surface temperature, emissivity, reflectance, and elevation.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">ASTER<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/atmospheric-windows\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: atmospheric windows\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;atmospheric windows&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The range of wavelengths at which the atmospheric gases only slightly absorb radiation. Atmospheric windows allow the Earth&#x2019;s radiation to escape into space unless clouds absorb the radiation.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">atmospheric windows<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/attenuation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: attenuation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;attenuation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The decrease in the power of a signal in transmission. Attenuation may be expressed in decibels, and can be caused by interferences such as rain, clouds, or radio frequency signals.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">attenuation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/avhrr\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: AVHRR\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;AVHRR&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer - A five-channel scanning instrument that quantitatively measures electromagnetic radiation on NOAA environmental satellites. Determines cloud cover and surface temperature. Visible and infrared detectors observe vegetation, clouds, lakes, shorelines, snow, and ice.&amp;lt;br\/&amp;gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">AVHRR<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/azimuth\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: azimuth\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;azimuth&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The direction, in degrees referenced to true north, that an antenna must be pointed to receive a satellite signal. The angular distance is measured in a clockwise direction.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">azimuth<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/backscatter\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: backscatter\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;backscatter&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Process by which up to 25% of radiant energy from the sun is reflected or scattered away from the surface by clouds.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">backscatter<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/band\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: band\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;band&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;A region of the electromagnetic spectrum to which a remote sensor responds; a multispectral sensor makes measurements in a number of spectral bands.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">band<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/bandwidth\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: bandwidth\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;bandwidth&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The total range of frequency required to pass a specific modu&#xAC;lated signal without distortion or loss of data.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">bandwidth<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/bathymetry\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: bathymetry\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;bathymetry&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Mapping the topography of the ocean floor.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">bathymetry<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/biodiversity\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: biodiversity\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;biodiversity&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;biological diversity, variety of all living things and their interactions in an area.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">biodiversity<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/biomass\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Biomass\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Biomass&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;1. Ecology: total mass of living biological organisms in a given area or ecosystem2. Energy production: biological mass used as a renewable energy source.3. Satellite technology: Part of the Earth Explorer Mission of ESA, created to observe and analyse the world&#x2019;s forests using radar technology.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Biomass<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/calibration\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: calibration\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;calibration&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Act of comparing an instrument&#x2019;s measuring accuracy to a known standard.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">calibration<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/c-band\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: C-Band\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;C-Band&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;part of the electromagnetic microwave spectrum between 500 MHz and 1000 MHz.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">C-Band<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/chlorophyll\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: chlorophyll\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;chlorophyll&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Molecule in green plants giving them their colour. It allows plants to absorb energy from the sun as they undergo the process of photosynthesis.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">chlorophyll<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/climate\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: climate\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;climate&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Average weather conditions for a particular location over a long period of time, e.g. 30 years.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">climate<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/climate-change\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: climate change\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;climate change&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns due to natural or man-made effects.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">climate change<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/climate-model\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: climate model\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;climate model&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Computer model to calculate and project the climate for a specific period.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">climate model<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/copernicus\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Copernicus\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Copernicus&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Former name GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security), the EU&#x2019;s Copernicus Earth observation programme, comprising in-situ elements (measurement tools) and the space segment (satellites).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Copernicus<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/cryosat\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: CryoSat\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;CryoSat&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;ESA research satellite mapping the Earth&#x2019;s cryosphere and collecting data in particular on the volume of the ice sheets in the Arctic and Antarctic (since 2010).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">CryoSat<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/culmination\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: culmination\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;culmination&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The point at which a satellite reaches its highest position or elevation in the sky, relative to an observer.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">culmination<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/declination\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: declination\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;declination&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The angular distance from the equator to the satellite.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">declination<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/degradation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: degradation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;degradation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Decline of the value of a biophysical environment due to human-induced processes.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">degradation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/delta\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: delta\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;delta&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Triangularly shaped river mouth formed by sediments carried by the river.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">delta<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/demography\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: demography\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;demography&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Statistical study of human populations (size, ethnic composition, ages), and of their changes.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">demography<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/descending-node\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: descending node\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;descending node&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The point in a satellite&#x2019;s orbit at which it crosses the equatorial plane from north to south.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">descending node<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/digital-elevation-model\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: digital elevation model\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;digital elevation model&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;(DEM) A representation of the topography of the Earth in digital format, i.e. by coordinates and numerical descriptions of altitude.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">digital elevation model<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/digital-terrain-model\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: digital terrain model\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;digital terrain model&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;(DTM) A representation of the topography of the Earth in digital format, i.e. by coordinates and numerical descriptions of altitude, see Digital Elevation Model.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">digital terrain model<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/diurnal\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: diurnal\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;diurnal&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;In a daily cycle.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">diurnal<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><div class=\"term-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/dmsp\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: DMSP\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;DMSP&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Defense Meteorological Satellite Program - U.S. Air Force meteorologi&#xAC;cal satellite program with satellites circling in sun-synchronous orbit. Imagery is collected in the visible- to near-infrared band (0.4 to 1.1 &#x3BC;m) and in the thermal-infrared band (about 8 to 13 &#x3BC;m) at a resolution of about 3 km.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">DMSP<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/dobson-unit\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Dobson Unit\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Dobson Unit&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;(DU) The standard unit for ozone amounts in the atmosphere. One DU is 2.7 x 1016 ozone molecules per cm&#xB2; and refers to a layer of ozone that would be 0.001 cm thick under conditions of stan&#xAC;dard temperature (0&#xB0;C) and pressure.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Dobson Unit<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/eac\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: EAC\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;EAC&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;European Astronaut Centre, Cologne; central ESA facility for training astronauts.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">EAC<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/earthcare\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: EarthCARE\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;EarthCARE&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Earth Explorer satellite mission to research aerosols and clouds and their impact on radiation in the Earth&#x2019;s atmosphere, as part of the Living Planet Programme of the ESA. Launch date: 2024-05-28.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">EarthCARE<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/earth-explorer\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Earth Explorer\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Earth Explorer&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;An ESA mission and part of the Living Planet Programme, which comprises the satellite missions providing new observation data on the Earth.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Earth Explorer<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/earth-observation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Earth observation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Earth observation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Observation of the Earth from space, mostly based on satellites.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Earth observation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/eccentricity\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: eccentricity\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;eccentricity&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Describes the shape of an orbit. The satellite orbit is an ellipse, with eccentricity defining the shape of the ellipse. When e=0, the ellipse is a circle. When e is very near 1, the ellipse is very long and skinny.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">eccentricity<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/electromagnetic-radiation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: electromagnetic radiation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;electromagnetic radiation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Energy propagated as time-varying electric and magnetic fields at the speed of light. Light and radar are examples of electromagnetic radiation differing only in their wavelengths (or frequency).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">electromagnetic radiation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/electromagnetic-spectrum\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: electromagnetic spectrum\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;electromagnetic spectrum&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The entire range of radiant energies or wave frequencies from the longest to the shortest wavelengths. The spectrum usually is divided into seven sections: radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-ray, and gamma-ray radiation.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">electromagnetic spectrum<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/elliptical-orbit\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: elliptical orbit\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;elliptical orbit&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Bodies in space orbit in elliptical rather than circular orbits because of factors such as gravity and drag. The point where the orbiting satellite is closest to Earth is the perigee, the point where the satellite is farthest from Earth is called apogee.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">elliptical orbit<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/emissivity\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: emissivity\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;emissivity&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The ratio of the radiation emitted by a surface to that emitted by a black body at the same temperature.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">emissivity<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/enhanced-thematic-mapper\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Enhanced Thematic Mapper\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Enhanced Thematic Mapper&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;(ETM+) An eight-band multispectral scanning radiometer onboard the Landsat 7 satellite that provides high-resolution imaging information of the Earth&#x2019;s surface.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Enhanced Thematic Mapper<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/envisat\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Envisat\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Envisat&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Environmental Satellite mission, 2002-2012; large platform monitoring the environmental changes on earth and in the atmosphere, scientific mission to study Earth observation applications.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Envisat<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/equatorial\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: equatorial\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;equatorial&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Region near the equator.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">equatorial<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/erosion\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: erosion\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;erosion&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Surface processes (e.g. water flow or wind) removing soil, rock, or dissolved material from the Earth&#x2018;s crust and transporting it to another location where it is deposited.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">erosion<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/ers\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: ERS\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ERS&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;European Remote Sensing Satellite; two radar satellites operated by ESA, 1991-2011, precursor missions to Sentinel-1.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">ERS<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/esa\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: ESA\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ESA&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The European Space Agency&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">ESA<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/esoc\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: ESOC\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ESOC&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;European Space Operations Centre, one of ESA&amp;#039;s institutions, responsible for the operation of ESA&amp;#039;s satellites.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">ESOC<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/esrin\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: ESRIN\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ESRIN&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;European Space Research and Technology Centre, ESA&amp;#039;s centre for Earth observation located in Frascati, Italy. Responsible for ESA&amp;#039;s ground segment for Earth observation and holding a large archive of Earth observation data.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">ESRIN<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/estec\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: ESTEC\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ESTEC&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;European Space Research and Technology Centre, ESA&amp;#039;s test centre and hub for European space activities. Located in Noordwijk, Netherlands.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">ESTEC<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/extensive\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: extensive\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;extensive&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Farming: Agricultural production system that uses small inputs of labour, fertilizers, and capital, and producing small output relative to the land area being farmed.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">extensive<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/false-colour\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: false colour\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;false colour&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;A colour imaging process which produces an image of a colour that does not correspond to the true or natural colour of the scene (as seen by our eyes). In Earth observation often used e.g. with infrared data (False colour Infrared, FIR).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">false colour<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/far-infrared\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: far infrared\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;far infrared&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Part of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths longer than the thermal infrared, between about 25 and 1000 micrometres.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">far infrared<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/field-of-view\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: field of view\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;field of view&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The range of angles that are scanned or sensed by a system or instrument, measured in degrees of arc.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">field of view<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/fluvial\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: fluvial\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;fluvial&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Related to rivers.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">fluvial<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/fraction-of-photosynthetically-active-radiation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;(FPAR) Radiation between 400 and 700 nm used by the green canopy in the photosynthetic process.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/frequency\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: frequency\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;frequency&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;(f) Number of cycles and parts of cycles completed per second. f=1\/T, where T is the duration of one cycle in seconds.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">frequency<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/freshwater\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: freshwater\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;freshwater&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Liquid or frozen water containing low concentrations of salts and other dissolved solids.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">freshwater<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/galileo\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Galileo\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Galileo&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;1) Galileo Galilei, Italian physicist, 1564-1642.2) European satellite navigation system, consisting of ~30 satellites in 3 orbits.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Galileo<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/gamma-ray\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: gamma ray\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;gamma ray&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;High energy part of the electromagnetic spectrum, especially as emitted by nuclei in a transition between two energy levels.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">gamma ray<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/gdp\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: GDP\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;GDP&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Gross Domestic Product: Monetary value of final goods and services produced in a country in a given period of time (e.g. a year), a measure of the economic power of a country.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">GDP<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/geocoding\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: geocoding\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;geocoding&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Adding geographic coordinates to data such as images.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">geocoding<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/geographic-information-system\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Geographic Information System\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Geographic Information System&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;GIS: A system for archiving, retrieving, and manipulating data that has been stored and indexed according to the geographic coordinates of its elements. The system generally can utilize a variety of data types, such as imagery, maps, table, etc.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Geographic Information System<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/geomorphology\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: geomorphology\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;geomorphology&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Study of the origin and evolution of topographic and bathymetric features generated by processes operating at or near Earth&#x2018;s surface.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">geomorphology<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/georeferencing\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: georeferencing\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;georeferencing&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Transforming images into map elements by assigning geographic coordinates and a reference system.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">georeferencing<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/geostationary\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: geostationary\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;geostationary&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Describes an orbit in which a satellite is always in the same position with respect to the rotating Earth. The satellite travels around the Earth in the same direction, at an altitude of approximately 35,790 km because that produces an orbital period equal to the period of rotation of the Earth. Used for weather satellites and most commercial telecommunications satellites.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">geostationary<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/geosynchronous\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: geosynchronous\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;geosynchronous&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Synchronous with respect to the rotation of the Earth.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">geosynchronous<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/gis\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: GIS\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;GIS&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Geographic Information System, a system for archiving, retrieving, and manipulating data that has been stored and indexed according to the geographic coordinates of its elements. The system generally can utilize a variety of data types, such as imagery, maps, table, etc.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">GIS<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/goes\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: GOES\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;GOES&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite - Observes the U.S. and adjacent ocean areas from vantage points 35,790 km above the equator at 75 degrees west and 135 degrees west. GOES satellites have an equatorial, Earth-synchronous orbit with a 24-hour period, a visible resolution of 1 km, and an IR resolution of 4 km.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">GOES<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/gome\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: GOME\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;GOME&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment - Instrument aboard ERS.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">GOME<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/gps\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: GPS\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;GPS&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Global Positioning System: A system consisting of 25 satellites in 6 orbital planes at 20,000 km altitude with 12 hr periods, used to provide highly precise position, velocity and time information.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">GPS<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/greenhouse-gas\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: greenhouse gas\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;greenhouse gas&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Gaseous substances in the atmosphere affecting radiation and contributing to the warming of the Earth&#x2019;s atmosphere, known as the greenhouse effect.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">greenhouse gas<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/gross-domestic-product\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: gross domestic product\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;gross domestic product&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;GDP: Monetary value of final goods and services produced in a country in a given period of time (e.g. a year), a measure of the economic power of a country.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">gross domestic product<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/ground-resolution\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: ground resolution\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ground resolution&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Describes the length of the side of a single square pixel in an image on the Earth surface, e.g. 30 m\/pixel. The smaller this value is, the more precise and detailed the image is.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">ground resolution<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/ground-track\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: ground track\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ground track&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The inclination of a satellite, together with its orbital altitude and the period of its orbit, creates a track defined by an imaginary line connecting the satellite and the Earth&#x2019;s centre.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">ground track<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/hotspot\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: hotspot\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;hotspot&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Volcanism: Area of the Earth&#x2018;s mantle from which hot plumes rise upward, forming volcanoes on the overlying crust.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">hotspot<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/inclination\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: inclination\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;inclination&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The angle between a satellite orbit and the equator.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">inclination<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/indigenous\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: indigenous\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;indigenous&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Group of people native to a specific region.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">indigenous<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/infrared-radiation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: infrared radiation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;infrared radiation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;IR: Infrared is electromagnetic radiation with wave&#xAC;lengths from about 0.7 to 1000 &#x3BC;m (between visible and microwave radiation), subdivided into visible and near-infrared, mid-infrared and far infrared.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">infrared radiation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/interferometry\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: interferometry\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;interferometry&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Data analysis method exploiting the phase difference between two (electromagnetic) waves; used e.g. in radar satellite interferometry to derive elevation differences or changes.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">interferometry<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/international-space-station\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: International Space Station\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;International Space Station&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;ISS, a joint project between 16 countries designed as a scientific laboratory in space.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">International Space Station<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/ir\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: IR\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;IR&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Infrared radiation, electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from about 0.7 to 1000 &#x3BC;m (between visible and microwave radiation), subdivided into visible and near-infrared, mid-infrared and far infrared.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">IR<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/iss\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: ISS\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ISS&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;International Space Station, a joint project between 16 countries designed as a scientific laboratory in space.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">ISS<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/ku-band\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Ku-band\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Ku-band&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Radar and microwave band in which the wavelengths vary from 1.67-2.4 cm.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Ku-band<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/land-cover\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: land cover\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;land cover&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The characteristics of a land surface as determined by its spectral signature (the unique way in which a given type of land cover reflects and absorbs light).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">land cover<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/land-reclamation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: land reclamation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;land reclamation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Process of transforming water surfaces into land or making formerly unused land surfaces accessible to use.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">land reclamation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/landsat\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Landsat\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Landsat&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Land Remote-Sensing Satellite, Series of Earth observation satellites first launched in 1973 and operated by the U.S. Earth Observation Satellite Company (EOSAT). Commercialized under the Land Remote-Sensing Commercialization Act of 1984, Landsat is a series of satellites (formerly called ERTS) designed to gather data on the Earth&#x2019;s resources in a regular and systematic manner.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Landsat<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/land-use\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: land use\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;land use&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The characteristics of a land surface as determined by its use (the unique way in which a given type of land is &#x2013; or is not &#x2013; exploited by man).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">land use<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/meris\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: MERIS\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;MERIS&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer - Instrument aboard Envisat for the observation of the ocean and vegetation, precursor to instruments used by Sentinel-3.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">MERIS<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/meteosat\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: METEOSAT\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;METEOSAT&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;METEOrological SATellite - Europe&#x2019;s geostationary weather satellite, launched by the European Space Agency and operated by Eumetsat. The series of METEOSAT satellites was started in 1977, currently the third generation is active (MTG).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">METEOSAT<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/microwave\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: microwave\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;microwave&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between about 1000 &#x3BC;m and 1 m.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">microwave<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/middle-infrared\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: middle infrared\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;middle infrared&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Electromagnetic radiation between the near infrared and the thermal infrared, about 2-5 &#x3BC;m.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">middle infrared<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/modis\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: MODIS\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;MODIS&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer. Sensor flying aboard Terra and viewing the entire surface of the Earth every 1-2 days, making observations in 36 spectral bands, at moderate resolution (0.25 - 1 km), of land and ocean surface temperature, primary productivity, land surface cover, clouds, aerosols, water vapor, temperature profiles, and fires.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">MODIS<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/moisture-index\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Moisture Index\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Moisture Index&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Method to assess the water content of the surface layer of Earth based on satellite data.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Moisture Index<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/mss\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: MSS\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;MSS&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Multispectral Scanner. A line-scanning instrument flown on Landsat satellites that continually scans the Earth in a 185 km swath. On Landsat 1, 2, 4, and 5, the MSS had four spectral bands in the visible and near-infrared with an IFOV of 80 meters. Landsat-3 had a fifth band in the thermal infrared with an IFOV of 240 meters.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">MSS<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/multispectral\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: multispectral\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;multispectral&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Comprising data from different, separated (discrete) spectral bands.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">multispectral<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/multispectral-scanner\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Multispectral Scanner\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Multispectral Scanner&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;MSS. A line-scanning instrument flown on Landsat satellites that continually scans the Earth in a 185 km swath. On Landsat 1, 2, 4, and 5, the MSS had four spectral bands in the visible and near-infrared with an IFOV of 80 meters. Landsat-3 had a fifth band in the thermal infrared with an IFOV of 240 meters.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Multispectral Scanner<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/multitemporal\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: multitemporal\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;multitemporal&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Comprising data from different times.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">multitemporal<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/nasa\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: NASA\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;NASA&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;National Aeronautics and Space Administration - NASA, established in 1958 with Headquarters in Washington D.C., is the agency responsible for the public space program of the USA. Its mission is to plan, direct, and conduct aeronautical and space activities.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">NASA<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/ndmi\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: NDMI\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;NDMI&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Normalized Difference Moisture Index: Measure for the water content of the topmost soil layer. NDMI = (NIR - SWIR) \/ (NIR + SWIR).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">NDMI<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/ndsi\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: NDSI\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;NDSI&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Normalized Difference Soil Index: Method to assess the proportion of bare soil of a surface based on near infrared and shortwave infrared data: NDSI = (NIR - SWIR)\/(NIR + SWIR). Sometimes NDSI can refer to a Snow Index or a Salinity Index.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">NDSI<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/ndvi\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: NDVI\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;NDVI&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Normalized Difference Vegetation Index: A model for converting satellite-based measurements into surface vegetation types. The NDVI uses a complex ratio of reflectance in the red and near-infrared portions of the spectrum to accomplish this. It is a quantity that measures greenness and vigour of vegetation. NDVI = (NIR - Red)\/(NIR + Red).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">NDVI<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/ndwi\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: NDWI\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;NDWI&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Normalized Difference Water Index: A method used to identify water bodies in satellite image data based on the information contained in the green and near infrared (NIR) bands. NDWI = (Green - NIR)\/(Green + NIR).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">NDWI<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/near-infrared\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: near infrared\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;near infrared&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;NIR: Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from just longer than the visible (about 0.7 &#x3BC;m) to about 2 &#x3BC;m.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">near infrared<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/near-natural-colours\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: near-natural colours\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;near-natural colours&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Visualisation of satellite data in realistic (natural, or &amp;quot;true&amp;quot;) colours, requires a combination of three or more image bands.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">near-natural colours<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/nir\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: NIR\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;NIR&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Near infrared. Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from just longer than the visible (about 0.7 &#x3BC;m) to about 2 &#x3BC;m.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">NIR<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/noaa\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: NOAA\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;NOAA&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. NOAA was established in 1970 within the U.S. Department of Commerce. It is focused on the conditions of the oceans and the atmosphere. NOAA has two main components: the National Weather Service (NWS), and the Na&#xAC;tional Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">NOAA<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/ocean-colour\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: ocean colour\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ocean colour&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The ability of phytoplankton to appear as different colours in certain bands of the electromagnetic spectrum because of their chlorophyll concentrations.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">ocean colour<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/oli\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: OLI\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;OLI&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Operational Land Imager, multispectral imaging sensor on board Landsat 8 and 9.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">OLI<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/orbit\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: orbit\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;orbit&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The path described by a heavenly body in its periodic revolution. Earth satellite orbits with inclinations near 0&#xB0; are called equatorial orbits because the satellite stays nearly over the equator. Orbits with inclinations near 90&#xB0; are called polar orbits because the satellite crosses nearly over the north and south poles.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">orbit<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/orbital-plane\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: orbital plane\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;orbital plane&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;An imaginary flat plane containing an Earth satellite&#x2019;s orbit. The orbital plane passes through the centre of the Earth.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">orbital plane<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/panchromatic\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: panchromatic\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;panchromatic&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Sensitive to all or most of the visible spectrum. In Earth observation often used to be combined with lower resolution multispectral data to achieve higher resolution images (pan-sharpening).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">panchromatic<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/passive-microwave-radiometer\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: passive microwave radiometer\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;passive microwave radiometer&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;A system sensing only microwave radiation emitted by the object being viewed or reflected by the object from a source other than the system.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">passive microwave radiometer<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/passive-system\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: passive system\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;passive system&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;A system sensing only radiation emitted by the object being viewed or reflected by the object from a source other than the system.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">passive system<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/payload\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: payload\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;payload&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The instruments that are operating on a spacecraft.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">payload<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/perigee\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: perigee\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;perigee&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;On an elliptical orbit path, the point where a satellite is closest to the Earth.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">perigee<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/period\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: period\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;period&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Time required for a satellite to make one complete orbit.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">period<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/phytoplankton\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: phytoplankton\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;phytoplankton&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Plant-like components of the plankton community forming a key part of ocean and freshwater ecosystems.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">phytoplankton<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/pixel\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: pixel\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;pixel&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Picture element. Ground area corresponding to a single element of a digital image data set.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">pixel<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/platform\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: platform\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;platform&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;A satellite that can carry instruments.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">platform<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/polar-orbit\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: polar orbit\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;polar orbit&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;An orbit with an orbital inclination of near 90&#xB0; where the satel&#xAC;lite ground track will cross both polar regions once during each orbit.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">polar orbit<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/pollutant\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: pollutant\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;pollutant&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Substance that pollutes something, especially water, the atmosphere, or soil.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">pollutant<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/precipitation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: precipitation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;precipitation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Water falling from the atmosphere to the ground in liquid (rain) or solid (snow, hail) form.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">precipitation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/proba\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: PROBA\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;PROBA&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Project for On-Board Autonomy. Small scale technology demonstration satellites of ESA, carrying several earth observation instruments with ground resolutions down to 20 m (CHRIS, multispectral) and 5 m (HRV, panchromatic).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">PROBA<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/radar-interferometry\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: radar interferometry\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;radar interferometry&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The study of interference patterns caused by radar signals. A technique that enables scientists to generate three dimensional images of the Earth&#x2019;s surface and of its changes.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">radar interferometry<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/radiation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: radiation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;radiation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Energy transfer in the form of electromagnetic waves or particles that release energy when absorbed by an object.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">radiation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/radiation-budget\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: radiation budget\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;radiation budget&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;A measure of inputs and outputs of radiative energy relative to a system, such as Earth.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">radiation budget<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/reflectance\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: reflectance\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;reflectance&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The proportion of irradiated electromagnetic radiation reflected by a surface.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">reflectance<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/reflection\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: reflection\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;reflection&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The return of light or sound waves from a surface. If a reflecting surface is plane, the angle of reflection of a light ray is the same as the angle of incidence.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">reflection<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/remote-sensing\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: remote sensing\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;remote sensing&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The technology of acquiring data and information about an object or phenomena by a device without physical contact. Earth remote sensing refers to gathering information about the Earth and its environment from a distance, e.g. with satellites.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">remote sensing<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/repetition-rate\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: repetition rate\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;repetition rate&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Time required for a satellite to complete one orbit ((orbital period).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">repetition rate<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/resolution\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: resolution\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;resolution&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Level of detail an image holds. It is typically measured by the size of pixels (area on the Earth surface covered by one pixel) in the image, often expressed as width &#xD7; height, and indicates how much detail can be captured or displayed. Higher resolution means more detail and clarity in the image.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">resolution<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/runoff\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: runoff\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;runoff&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Draining away of water or substances carried in it from the surface of an area.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">runoff<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/salination\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: salination\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;salination&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Increase of the salt concentration in soils, reducing their fertility.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">salination<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/salinity\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: salinity\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;salinity&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Salt concentration of (ocean) water or soil.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">salinity<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/sar\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: SAR\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;SAR&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Synthetic Aperture Radar. A high-resolution ground-mapping technique that effectively synthesizes a large receiving antenna by processing the phase of the reflected radar return.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">SAR<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/satellite\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: satellite\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;satellite&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;A free-flying object orbiting the Earth, another planet, or the sun.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">satellite<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/satellite-image-map\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: satellite image map\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;satellite image map&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Map created based on satellite image data.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">satellite image map<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/saturation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: saturation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;saturation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;State of a system, such as a solution, containing as much of another substance, such as a solute, as is possible at a given temperature.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">saturation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/s-band\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: S-Band\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;S-Band&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Frequency range from 4 to 2 GHz (7 to 20 cm wavelength) within the microwave (radar) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. S-band radars are used for medium-range meteorological applications, e.g. rainfall measurements.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">S-Band<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/scanning-radiometer\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: scanning radiometer\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;scanning radiometer&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;An imaging system consisting of lenses, moving mirrors, and solid-state image sensors used to obtain observations of the Earth and its atmosphere.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">scanning radiometer<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/scattering\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: scattering\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;scattering&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The process by which electromagnetic radiation interacts with and is redirected by the molecules of the atmosphere, ocean, or land surface.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">scattering<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/scatterometer\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: scatterometer\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;scatterometer&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;A high-frequency radar instrument that transmits pulses of energy towards the ocean and measures the backscatter from the ocean surface. It detects wind speed and direction over the oceans by analysing the backscatter from the small wind-induced ripples on the surface of the water.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">scatterometer<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/scene\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: scene\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;scene&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Object space illuminated or analyzed by a sensor during a measurement. Satellite image data are often provided as individual scenes.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">scene<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/sdg\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: SDG\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;SDG&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Sustainable Development Goals. Call to action adopted by the United Nations in 2015 to protect the planet and improve the lives and prospects humanity, defining 17 SDGs covering all relevant parts of living.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">SDG<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/sea-surface-temperature\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Sea Surface Temperature\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sea Surface Temperature&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;SST. The temperature of the layer of seawater (approx. 0.5 m deep) near the surface.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Sea Surface Temperature<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/sedimentation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: sedimentation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;sedimentation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Deposition of sediments such as sand or silt transported by water, wind, or glaciers.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">sedimentation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/sensor\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: sensor\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;sensor&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Device producing an output in response to incident radiation. Sensors aboard satellites obtain information about features and objects on Earth by detecting radiation reflected or emitted in different bands of the electromagnetic spectrum.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">sensor<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/sentinel\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Sentinel\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sentinel&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Series of six different Earth Observation satellite types under responsibility of ESA in the Copernicus programme.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Sentinel<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/shortwave-radiation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: shortwave radiation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;shortwave radiation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The radiation received from the sun and emitted in the spectral wavelengths less than 4 &#x3BC;m.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">shortwave radiation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/smos\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: SMOS\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;SMOS&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity Mission, the ESA&#x2019;s second Earth Explorer Opportunity mission to gather global observation data for the modelling of weather, climate and ocean currents.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">SMOS<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/soil\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: soil\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;soil&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Biologically active, porous medium that covers the uppermost layer of Earth&#x2018;s crust.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">soil<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/soil-index\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Soil Index\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Soil Index&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Proportion of bare soil of a surface, e.g. determined based on satellite data (see NDSI)&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Soil Index<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/solar-constant\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: solar constant\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;solar constant&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The constant expressing the intensity of solar radiation reaching the topmost layer of the Earth atmosphere, approximately 1370 W\/m&#xB2;. Only about one fourth reaches the Earth surface due to the diurnal cycle, clouds and aerosols.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">solar constant<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/solar-radiation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: solar radiation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;solar radiation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Electromagnetic energy received from the sun. The energy comes from different parts of the spectrum, such as visible light, radio waves, infrared, ultraviolet waves, and x-rays.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">solar radiation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/spectral-band\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: spectral band\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;spectral band&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;A well-defined segment of wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">spectral band<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/spectral-signature\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: spectral signature\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;spectral signature&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;This refers to the particular form or shape of the power spectrum calculated from the data comprising the time series of a process.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">spectral signature<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/spot\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: SPOT\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;SPOT&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Systeme Pour l&#x2019;Observation de la Terre. Series of French, polar-orbiting Earth observation satellites with ground resolution of originally 10 m, down to 1.5 m in the latest generations. SPOT images are available commercially and are intended for such purposes as environ&#xAC;mental research and monitoring or ecology management.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">SPOT<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/srtm\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: SRTM\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;SRTM&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. A Space Shuttle mission that used C-band and X-band interferometric synthetic aperture radars (IFSARs) to acquire topographic data over 80% of Earth&#x2019;s land mass (between 60&#xB0;N and 56&#xB0;S) in February 2000. Digital Elevation Models from this data are freely available at a ground resolution of 30 m\/pixel.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">SRTM<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/sst\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: SST\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;SST&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Sea Surface Temperature. The temperature of the layer of seawater (approx. 0.5 m deep) near the surface.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">SST<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/sun-synchronous\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: sun-synchronous\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;sun-synchronous&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;A sun synchronous orbit is a nearly polar orbit. Every time it crosses the Equator, it does it at the same local time.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">sun-synchronous<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/sustainability\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: sustainability\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;sustainability&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Making use of the Earth&amp;#039;s resources while meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">sustainability<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/sustainable-development-goals\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Sustainable Development Goals\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sustainable Development Goals&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;SDGs. Call to action adopted by the United Nations in 2015 to protect the planet and improve the lives and prospects humanity, defining 17 SDGs covering all relevant parts of living.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Sustainable Development Goals<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/swarm\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Swarm\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Swarm&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Earth Explorer Mission of the ESA, a small fleet of three identical satellites designed to assess the magnetic field of the Earth.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Swarm<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/swath\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: swath\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;swath&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The width of the strip on the Earth surface observed by a satellite as it orbits the Earth.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">swath<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/synthetic-aperture-radar\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Synthetic Aperture Radar\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Synthetic Aperture Radar&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;SAR. A high-resolution ground-mapping technique that effectively synthesizes a large receiving antenna by processing the phase of the reflected radar return.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Synthetic Aperture Radar<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/tectonic\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: tectonic\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;tectonic&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Related to processes that result in the structure and properties of the Earth&#x2018;s crust and its evolution through time.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">tectonic<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/terrestrial-radiation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: terrestrial radiation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;terrestrial radiation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The total infrared radiation emitted by the Earth and its atmosphere in the temperature range of approximately 200-300 K.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">terrestrial radiation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/thermal-infrared\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: thermal infrared\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;thermal infrared&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 3 and 25 &#xB5;m (TIR).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">thermal infrared<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/tm\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: TM\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;TM&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Thematic Mapper. Multispectral imaging sensor with 7 spectral bands on board of Landsat-4 and Landsat-5, acquiring data in the visible and infrared parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. The ground resolution of the visible and short-wave infrared bands is 30 m\/pixel, the thermal band 120 m\/pixel.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">TM<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/toxin\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: toxin\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;toxin&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Naturally occurring poisonous substance produced by living cells or organisms, e.g. algae.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">toxin<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/trmm\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: TRMM\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;TRMM&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission. Satellite programme launched by NASA and NASDA in 1997 to acquire data on tropical precipitation.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">TRMM<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/true-colours\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: true colours\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;true colours&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Visualisation of satellite data in realistic (natural) colours, requires a combination of three or more image bands.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">true colours<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/ultraviolet-radiation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: ultraviolet radiation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ultraviolet radiation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Part of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths below the violet region; it contains about 5% of the energy radiated by the Sun and is the main source of energy in the stratosphere and in the mesosphere (UV).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">ultraviolet radiation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/urbanisation\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: urbanisation\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;urbanisation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Increase in the proportion of people living in towns and cities due to people moving from rural areas to urban areas.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">urbanisation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/usgs\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: USGS\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;USGS&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;United States Geological Survey. US American office responsible for the acquisition and distribution of geoinformation.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">USGS<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/vegetation-index\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Vegetation Index\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Vegetation Index&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Measure of the greenness and vigour of the vegetation in a region.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Vegetation Index<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/vhr\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: VHR\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;VHR&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Very High Resolution, Earth observation data with a ground resolution of 1 m and better.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">VHR<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/visible-light\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: visible light\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;visible light&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The part of the electromagnetic spectrum visible to the human eye (0.4 &#x3BC;m to 0.7 &#x3BC;m).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">visible light<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/vissr\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: VISSR\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;VISSR&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Visible\/Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer, Multispectral imagining system with high resolution, deployed onboard of GOES weather satellites (until GOES-7).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">VISSR<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/water-index\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: Water Index\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Water Index&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Measure of the proportion of an area covered by water.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">Water Index<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/water-vapour\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: water vapour\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;water vapour&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Water in its gaseous state; in the atmosphere the most important factor of the natural greenhouse effect.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">water vapour<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/wave\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: wave\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;wave&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Moving changes of a parameter, periodical in space and time, e.g. sound waves or electromagnetic radiation.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">wave<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/wavelength\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: wavelength\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;wavelength&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Spatial distance between two maxima of a wave.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">wavelength<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/weather-satellite\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: weather satellite\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;weather satellite&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Earth observation satellite that observes meteorological parameters and processes.&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">weather satellite<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/DefinedTerm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/glossary\/x-band\/\" target=\"_blank\" role=\"term\" class=\"glossaryLink glossary-link-title \" title=\"Glossary: X-band\" style=\"\" itemprop=\"url\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;X-band&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Radar frequency band between 12.5 and 8 GHz (wavelength 2,4-3,75 cm).&lt;\/div&gt;\"><span itemprop=\"name\">X-band<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Satellitentechnik f&#xFC;r die Beobachtung der Erde, so genannte Satellitenfernerkundung oder Erdbeobachtung, ist in den letzten Jahrzehnten f&#xFC;r Wissenschaftler eine der wichtigsten Methoden geworden, um eine F&#xFC;lle von Informationen &#xFC;ber den Zustand und &#xC4;nderungen des Planeten Erde zu sammeln. Mittels Erdbeobachtung kann ein sehr vollst&#xE4;ndiges Bild der &#xAB;Gesundheit&#xBB; des Planeten in vielen Bereichen gewonnen werden, etwa [&#x2026;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":439,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1585","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"es","enabled_languages":["en","es","de","fr","it"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Glossary - ESA Schoolatlas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/es\/about-this-atlas\/glossary\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Glossary - 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