{"id":1011,"date":"2023-11-08T17:14:56","date_gmt":"2023-11-08T16:14:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.eovision.at\/esa-schoolatlas\/?page_id=1011"},"modified":"2025-03-19T10:56:36","modified_gmt":"2025-03-19T09:56:36","slug":"belchatow","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/lithosphere\/belchatow\/","title":{"rendered":"Be\u0142chat\u00f3w"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Open pit lignite mine<\/h2>\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/lit11_1_belchatow\/index.html\" width=\"100%\" height=\"650\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>The Be&#x142;chat&#xF3;w lignite mine, located in central Poland, covers an area of more than 12,500 hectares. This open-pit mine is one of the largest in Europe and has been operational since the mid-1970s.<\/p>\n<p>The mine&#x2019;s significance lies in its huge reserves of lignite, a low-grade coal used extensively for electricity generation. With an estimated deposit exceeding two billion tons, the Be&#x142;chat&#xF3;w mine supplies the adjacent Be&#x142;chat&#xF3;w Power Plant with more than 40 million tonnes lignite per year. With its capacity of more than 5.3 GW the power plant is one of Europe&#x2019;s largest thermal power stations. The mine and the power plant together account for a substantial portion of Poland&#x2019;s electricity production.<\/p>\n<p>Mining at Be&#x142;chat&#xF3;w involves the use of colossal excavators and transportation machinery. Massive trucks carrying hundreds of tons of lignite cross the site, facilitating the extraction process. As the <a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: satellite\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;satellite&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;A free-flying object orbiting the Earth, another planet, or the sun.&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/satellite\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">satellite<\/a> maps show, the mine has been shifted westwards, following the coal deposits.<\/p>\n<p>The Be&#x142;chat&#xF3;w lignite mine also faces huge environmental challenges due to the extraction of fossil fuels and <a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: greenhouse gas\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;greenhouse gas&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Gaseous substances in the atmosphere affecting radiation and contributing to the warming of the Earth&#x2019;s atmosphere, known as the greenhouse effect.&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/greenhouse-gas\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">greenhouse gas<\/a> emissions. With emissions of 30 million tons of CO<sub>2<\/sub> in 2020, the adjacent power plant was the biggest single emitter of this greenhouse gas in Europe. Despite its crucial role in the energy sector, Poland is increasingly focusing on sustainable energy sources to reduce its carbon footprint and meet international environmental commitments.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2309 alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/02\/MineBelchatow.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"60%\" srcset=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/02\/MineBelchatow.jpg 800w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/02\/MineBelchatow-610x458.jpg 610w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/02\/MineBelchatow-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/02\/MineBelchatow-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/02\/MineBelchatow-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/02\/MineBelchatow-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/02\/MineBelchatow-600x450.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\"\/><br>\n<em>View of the Be&#x142;chat&#xF3;w lignite mine<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&#xA0;<\/p>\n<h3>Exercises<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Satellite Map:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Look at the satellite maps and try to identify the landuse and <a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: land cover\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;land cover&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The characteristics of a land surface as determined by its spectral signature (the unique way in which a given type of land cover reflects and absorbs light).&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/land-cover\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">land cover<\/a> classes in the region.<\/li>\n<li>Toggle the layer &#xAB;&#xA0;Belchatow_MineExtent&#xA0;&#xBB; on and off and compare with the satellite images from the different years. Explain the change in the extent of the Be&#x142;chat&#xF3;w lignite mine.<\/li>\n<li>How can satellite images be employed to monitor the expansion and development of the Be&#x142;chat&#xF3;w lignite mine over the years? Discuss the benefits of using this technology to track changes in mining activity.<\/li>\n<li>Assess the effectiveness of satellite-based <a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: remote sensing\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;remote sensing&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The technology of acquiring data and information about an object or phenomena by a device without physical contact. Earth remote sensing refers to gathering information about the Earth and its environment from a distance, e.g. with satellites.&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/remote-sensing\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">remote sensing<\/a> in assessing the environmental impact of the Be&#x142;chat&#xF3;w mine and power plant. How can these images provide valuable data on land <a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: degradation\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;degradation&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Decline of the value of a biophysical environment due to human-induced processes.&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/degradation\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">degradation<\/a>, deforestation, and carbon emissions?<\/li>\n<li>Using recent satellite imagery, compare the current state of the Be&#x142;chat&#xF3;w mine with historical data. Analyse any observable changes, such as the expansion of the mine or the development of new facilities and discuss the implications of these transformations.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the role of satellite imagery in helping policymakers and environmentalists make informed decisions regarding the future of the Be&#x142;chat&#xF3;w mine and power plant. How can satellite data aid in formulating sustainable energy policies and mitigating the mine&#x2019;s environmental impact?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: Copernicus\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Copernicus&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Former name GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security), the EU&#x2019;s Copernicus Earth observation programme, comprising in-situ elements (measurement tools) and the space segment (satellites).&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/copernicus\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Copernicus<\/a> Browser:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Open the case study area in the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/link.dataspace.copernicus.eu\/wltz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Copernicus Browser<\/a><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Search for the most recent <a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: Sentinel\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sentinel&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Series of six different Earth Observation satellite types under responsibility of ESA in the Copernicus programme.&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/sentinel\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Sentinel<\/a>-2 data and display it in the true colour visualisation.<\/li>\n<li>Try to identify recent changes with respect to the 2023 image in the satellite map.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&#xA0;<\/p>\n<h3>Links and Sources<\/h3>\n<table style=\"background-color: #444444;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle; padding-left: 10px;\"><strong>Downloads:<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1439\" src=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" srcset=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4-152x150.png 152w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4-80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4.png 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\"\/><\/td>\n<td>PDF document of the case study (includes exercises):<br>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/lit11_1_belchatow\/LIT11_1_EN_CoalMining_Belchatow.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">English<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/lit11_1_belchatow\/LIT11_1_DE_CoalMining_Belchatow.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> German<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/lit11_1_belchatow\/LIT11_1_FR_CoalMining_Belchatow.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> French<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/lit11_1_belchatow\/LIT11_1_IT_CoalMining_Belchatow.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Italian<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/lit11_1_belchatow\/LIT11_1_ES_CoalMining_Belchatow.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Spanish<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1439\" src=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" srcset=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4-152x150.png 152w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4-80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4.png 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\"\/><\/td>\n<td>This case study is covered on page 32 of the printed <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  title=\"Glossary: ESA\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ESA&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The European Space Agency&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/esa\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>ESA<\/a> Schoolatlas &ndash; download the PDF document of the page:<br>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/lit11_1_belchatow\/ESA_Schoolatlas_EN_Page32.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">English<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/lit11_1_belchatow\/ESA_Schoolatlas_DE_Page32.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">German<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/lit11_1_belchatow\/ESA_Schoolatlas_FR_Page32.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">French<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/lit11_1_belchatow\/ESA_Schoolatlas_IT_Page32.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Italian<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/lit11_1_belchatow\/ESA_Schoolatlas_ES_Page32.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Spanish<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table style=\"background-color: #444444;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle; padding-left: 10px;\"><strong>Links:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding-left: 10px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>Sentinelvision.eu: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sentinelvision.eu\/gallery\/pdf\/5eebbd51621545aeaa09c27200d5608d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Collection of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 images of the lignite mine<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Copernicus: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.copernicus.eu\/en\/media\/image-day-gallery\/belchatow-coal-mine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sentinel-2 image of the lignite mine<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Open pit lignite mine The Be&#x142;chat&#xF3;w lignite mine, located in central Poland, covers an area of more than 12,500 hectares. This open-pit mine is one of the largest in Europe and has been operational since the mid-1970s. The mine&#x2019;s significance lies in its huge reserves of lignite, a low-grade coal used extensively for electricity generation. [&#x2026;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":21,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1011","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"fr","enabled_languages":["en","es","de","fr","it"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>- ESA Schoolatlas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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