{"id":1027,"date":"2023-11-08T17:43:27","date_gmt":"2023-11-08T16:43:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.eovision.at\/esa-schoolatlas\/?page_id=1027"},"modified":"2025-03-03T13:57:25","modified_gmt":"2025-03-03T12:57:25","slug":"gibraltar","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/hydrosphere\/gibraltar\/","title":{"rendered":"Gibraltar"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Entrance to the Mediterranean Sea<\/h2>\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/hyd06_1_gibraltar\/index.html\" width=\"100%\" height=\"650\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Gibraltar is a British Overseas Territory located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula, sharing its northern border with Spain. It is strategically positioned at the entrance of the Mediterranean Sea, overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar, which connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea. Gibraltar is a narrow peninsula covering an area of about 6.7 square kilometers.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/gibraltar_strait.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-1184\" src=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/gibraltar_strait-610x425.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"209\" srcset=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/gibraltar_strait-610x425.jpg 610w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/gibraltar_strait-768x535.jpg 768w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/gibraltar_strait-216x150.jpg 216w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/gibraltar_strait-400x278.jpg 400w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/gibraltar_strait-300x209.jpg 300w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/gibraltar_strait.jpg 898w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\"\/><\/a>One of Gibraltar&#x2019;s key geographical features is the Strait of Gibraltar, a narrow waterway that separates Europe from Africa. This strait is is only about 14 kilometers wide at its narrowest point. As a crucial maritime passage it is passed by more than 100,000 vessels per year. With this it is one of the busiest shipping lanes in the world, connecting the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea. The port of Gibraltar facilitates significant maritime activities, serving as a refueling and supply point for ships passing through the strait.<\/p>\n<p>The Strait of Gibraltar is also known for the occurrence of internal waves. These are large waves that form within a fluid medium, typically at the interface between layers of different densities. In the strait, the interaction between tidal currents and the varying water density creates internal waves. These waves can have a significant impact on underwater navigation and the distribution of marine life.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: satellite\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;satellite&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;A free-flying object orbiting the Earth, another planet, or the sun.&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/satellite\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Satellite<\/a> technology plays a crucial role in monitoring and studying the maritime activities around Gibraltar. Satellites provide real-time data on ship movements, ocean currents, and environmental conditions. This information is valuable for navigation, maritime security, and environmental monitoring. Additionally, satellite imagery helps scientists and researchers study the dynamics of the Strait of Gibraltar, including the behavior of internal waves and other oceanographic phenomena.<br>\n&#xA0;<\/p>\n<h3>Exercises<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Satellite Map:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Look at the <a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: satellite image map\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;satellite image map&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Map created based on satellite image data.&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/satellite-image-map\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">satellite image map<\/a> and select the <a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: Sentinel\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Sentinel&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Series of six different Earth Observation satellite types under responsibility of ESA in the Copernicus programme.&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/sentinel\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Sentinel<\/a>-1 satellite layer.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the satellite image and the <a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: land cover\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;land cover&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The characteristics of a land surface as determined by its spectral signature (the unique way in which a given type of land cover reflects and absorbs light).&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/land-cover\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">land cover<\/a> classes you can identify.<\/li>\n<li>Which features can you identify in the water surface? Zoom in to the Strait of Gibraltar and try to count ships.<\/li>\n<li>Look east of the Strait of Gibraltar &ndash; what type of <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  title=\"Glossary: wave\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;wave&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Moving changes of a parameter, periodical in space and time, e.g. sound waves or electromagnetic radiation.&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/wave\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>wave<\/a> structures can you see there? Try to estimate a typical <a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: wavelength\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;wavelength&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Spatial distance between two maxima of a wave.&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/wavelength\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">wavelength<\/a> of these waves.<\/li>\n<li>Deselect the Sentinel-1 radar satellite image and select the Sentinel-2 optical satellite image.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the <a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: land use\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;land use&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The characteristics of a land surface as determined by its use (the unique way in which a given type of land is &#x2013; or is not &#x2013; exploited by man).&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/land-use\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">land use<\/a> types you can see in the region and compare with your findings with the radar satellite image.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: Copernicus\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Copernicus&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Former name GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security), the EU&#x2019;s Copernicus Earth observation programme, comprising in-situ elements (measurement tools) and the space segment (satellites).&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/copernicus\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Copernicus<\/a> Browser:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Open the <a href=\"https:\/\/link.dataspace.copernicus.eu\/kthn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Copernicus Browser<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Find the most recent Sentinel-1 dataset covering the area displayed in the satellite map.<\/li>\n<li>Select a visualisation of your choice.<\/li>\n<li>Can you identify harbour structures and vessels?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&#xA0;<\/p>\n<h3>Links and Sources<\/h3>\n<table style=\"background-color: #444444;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle; padding-left: 10px;\"><strong>Downloads:<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr><tr>\n<td align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1439\" src=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" srcset=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4-152x150.png 152w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4-80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/11\/pdf-icon-4.png 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\"\/><\/td>\n<td>\nPDF document of the case study (includes exercises):<br>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/hyd06_1_gibraltar\/HYD06_1_EN_Gibraltar.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">English<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/hyd06_1_gibraltar\/HYD06_1_DE_Gibraltar.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> German<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/hyd06_1_gibraltar\/HYD06_1_FR_Gibraltar.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> French<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/hyd06_1_gibraltar\/HYD06_1_IT_Gibraltar.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Italian<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/wp-content\/gismaps_maps\/hyd06_1_gibraltar\/HYD06_1_ES_Gibraltar.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Spanish<\/a>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table style=\"background-color: #444444;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle; padding-left: 10px;\"><strong>Links:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding-left: 10px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><a class=\"glossaryLink\"  title=\"Glossary: ESA\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;ESA&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;The European Space Agency&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/esa\/\"  target=\"_blank\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>ESA<\/a> Multimedia: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Videos\/2021\/03\/Earth_from_Space_Strait_of_Gibraltar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Video on a Sentinel-2 image of the Strait of Gibraltar (2021)<\/a><\/li>\n<li>ESA Applications: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/Applications\/Observing_the_Earth\/Earth_from_Space_Strait_of_Gibraltar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sentinel image of the Strait of Gibraltar (2021)<\/a><\/li>\n<li>ESA Multimedia: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2010\/10\/The_Strait_of_Gibraltar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><a class=\"glossaryLink\" title=\"Glossary: Envisat\" aria-describedby=\"tt\" data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;Envisat&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Environmental Satellite mission, 2002-2012; large platform monitoring the environmental changes on earth and in the atmosphere, scientific mission to study Earth observation applications.&lt;\/div&gt;\" href=\"https:\/\/esa-schoolatlas.eu\/esa-schoolatlas\/fr\/glossary\/envisat\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]' tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\">Envisat<\/a> radar image of a larger region around the Strait of Gibraltar (2010)<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Entrance to the Mediterranean Sea Gibraltar is a British Overseas Territory located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula, sharing its northern border with Spain. It is strategically positioned at the entrance of the Mediterranean Sea, overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar, which connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea. Gibraltar is a narrow [&#x2026;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":24,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1027","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"fr","enabled_languages":["en","es","de","fr","it"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>- ESA Schoolatlas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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